Lead wet smelting process

In order to completely eliminate lead smelting pollution produced by Fire, national metallurgical workers carried out a long-term study of wet smelting of lead, which is more successful are: galena US Bureau of Mines conducted three ferric chloride leaching - molten salt electrolysis Preparation of metallic lead test ^[1]; Forward et al ^[2] in the organic ammonium pressurized system galena oxidized to lead sulfate, and then through the carbon dioxide gas to precipitate lead carbonate, and then low-temperature melting, the Test for reduction of lead carbonate to metallic lead; Bratt ^[3] conducted tests for leaching lead oxide and lead sulfate with high-concentration ammonia-ammonium sulfate solution, and then producing metal lead by precipitation, dissolution, electrolysis, and the like. However, due to the complexity of the process, the corrosiveness of the medium, and the high production cost, these methods have not yet reported industrialization.
Lu Keyuan of the Institute of Process Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully studied the carbonation conversion lead-smelting process in the 1980s ^[4 , ^5] . The process has the following characteristics:
(1) The process is simple, the operating conditions are mild, and it is easy to industrialize.
(2) It has strong adaptability to ore, comprehensive utilization, and can handle low-grade lead ore and multi-metal complex lead ore.
(3) High metal recovery rate, diversified products (metal lead and various lead chemical products), and good economic returns.
(4) For the all-wet operation, the three wastes are basically eliminated.
references:
1 MM Wong, R G. Sandberg and CH Elges, Ferric Chloride Leach-Electrolysis Process for Production of Lead, US Bureau of Mines, Rep. Invest. (1983), No. 8770
2 FA Forward, H. Veltman and A. Vizsolyi, Aqueous Oxidation of Galena Under Pressure in Amine Solutions, International Mineral Processing Congress 1960, Instn. Min. Metall., London, p. 823-837
3 GC Bratt and RW Pickering, Production of Lead Via Ammoniacal Ammonium Sulfate Leaching Met. Trans., I (1970), P. 2141~2149
4 KY Lu and CY Chen, Conversion of Galena to Lead Carbonate in Ammonium Carbonate Solution-A New Approach to Lead Hydrometallurgy, Hydrometallurgy, 17 (1976) p. 73-83
5 Lu Keyuan, Chen Jiapu. Sodium carbonate conversion treatment of lead fund mine or lead ore process. Chinese patent ZL89109462. 8 (1989)

ZINC BORATE 3.5H2O

Zinc Borate is an unique multi-functional fire retardant that can be used in both halogen-containing and halogen-free polymers. It can be used as a flame retardant, smoke suppressant, afterglow suppressant, as well as anti-tracking agent in polymers. Due to loss of temperature of crystalline water up to 300 degrees, zinc borate allows to be used in polymers requiring high processing temperatures, extensively as a fire retardant in products such as PVC, polyolefins, polyamides, polyester, epoxy, acrylic, urethane, and rubbers.

ZB2335-F is a white, crystalline powder with a median particle size 2-5 Âµm, is recommended for applications of better flame retardancy and higher physical performance.

Zinc Borate Flame Retardant,Zinc Borate 3.5H2O,Halogen-Free Flame Retardant,Inorganic Flame Retardants

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