Network camera working principle and network monitoring system architecture

With the continuous development of video technology, video wall technology that monitors multiple video images in real time and provides them to video receivers at the same time has emerged. The multi-party video conference and monitoring field is the main application scenario of this technology. Today, video surveillance systems are networked and digitized. Digital devices such as high-definition network cameras, network cameras, video servers, hard disk recorders, and streaming media servers are becoming more and more widely used. How do network cameras decode on the wall?
First, first understand how the network camera works.
The working principle of the camera is roughly as follows: the optical image generated by the light (scene) through the lens (LENS) is projected onto the surface of the image sensor, and then converted into an electrical signal, which is converted into a digital image signal after being converted by A/D (analog-to-digital conversion). Then it is sent to the digital signal processing chip (DSP) for processing and video encoding compression, and then transmitted through the network cable, and the back end directly accesses the decoding to view the video through the computer or display through the decoding device.
How does a network camera work?
Main structure inside the network camera
Note 1: The image sensor (SENSOR) is a semiconductor chip whose surface contains hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes. When the photodiode is irradiated with light, an electric charge is generated.
Note 2: Digital signal processing chip DSP (DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING) function: mainly through a series of complex mathematical algorithm operations, the digital image signal parameters are optimized, and the processed signal is transmitted to the PC and other devices through the USB interface. .
Then, understand the principle of display
All understand the display principle of the computer, our computer host display is converted by the graphics card of the computer host to be connected to the display. The working principle of the network camera is similar. It is first decoded by the digital network signal, and the signal that can be displayed is output for display. This is why the analog camera can be directly connected to the monitor via the BNC head, but the network camera does not. Common display methods in video surveillance
1. Simplified solution: Display the video screen through the computer access client.
Uses: mainly used for pre-camera debugging
Disadvantages: inconvenient storage, limited management, high computer requirements, and fewer management channels;

2, common program: through the NVR for storage and display.
Uses: for small monitoring systems, easy to manage and operate
Disadvantages: The number of monitoring points depends on the number of hard disk recorders. The function is relatively simple. If there are multiple NVRs, you cannot agree to management, and the expansion is not good.

3. Professional version scheme: the network camera enters the NVR or the storage server, the video decoding server decodes the upper wall, and the output port directly connects to the video wall and the large screen splicing display device;
Uses: It is mostly used for medium and large-scale monitoring projects, which is convenient for management and maintenance, and has strong expandability.
Disadvantages: It will increase the project cost, and the price of the general decoder (digital matrix) is relatively high.

From the above description, it can be seen that when the number of points of the camera is relatively large, and it is necessary to centrally manage the decoding of the upper wall, it is indispensable in the system to decode the upper wall device. The types of devices on the market that decode the wall: data matrix and decoder. The market price of both devices increases with the number of splicing screens and the number of walls on the wall.

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