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1 Problems
(1 ) Choosing chaos and serious waste of resources
Since 2003, the price of molybdenum raw materials in the international market has skyrocketed. With the long-term high operation of molybdenum prices, a large number of state-owned enterprises and private capital have made risky prospecting investments. The molybdenum mines that have been discovered have priority mining rights, forming a national investment in molybdenum exploration. The situation, mining licenses, mining licenses are flooding. There is still a problem of illegal mining in the molybdenum industry to explore and exploit, and some forest areas and cultivated land have been destroyed. At the same time, the phenomenon of mining rich and abandoning poverty and mining and abandoning is still widespread. The comprehensive utilization level of mines is still low, excessive and excessive mining, which greatly shortens the service life of the mine and causes waste of molybdenum resources.
(2) The equipment is backward, the quality of the concentrate is not high, and the recovery rate is low.
Compared with foreign advanced enterprises, the overall equipment and technical level of the domestic molybdenum mining and processing industry is generally low, and there are still many problems in production. For example, open-pit mining projects and mining methods need further research; the ore dressing process has poor adaptability to ore properties, and the grade and recovery rate of molybdenum concentrates are 1-2 percentage points lower than those of foreign countries. The impurities such as K, Ca and Mg in concentrates are higher than those in foreign countries. Foreign; the main molybdenum roasting process is not advanced, the soluble molybdenum in the product is not high, and impurities such as K, S and P are enriched.
(3) outstanding safety and environmental issues
In many places, small molybdenum ore points are in pursuit of immediate interests. In the process of mining and selection, safety measures are not perfect and safety accidents occur frequently. In China's molybdenum production process, the discharge of “waste water, waste gas and waste residue†is more serious. Especially for many small-scale charge production enterprises, the SO2 gas generated during the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate is not effective, and it cannot be recycled. Therefore, the Chinese government should take tough measures to supervise the production of three wastes by molybdenum furnace production enterprises to achieve pollution-free emissions.
2 suggestions
(1) Comprehensively improve the recovery rate of molybdenum and the quality of molybdenum concentrate products
Molybdenum ore is a very valuable strategic resource, saving resources and comprehensive utilization is particularly important. In terms of the recovery rate of molybdenum, the recovery rate of molybdenum in China is 1-2 percentage points lower than that of foreign countries. For China's molybdenum concentrate Product quality, about 40% of molybdenum concentrates in China have less than 50% molybdenum content, some 42%, and even only 28%. It is recommended that large and medium-sized molybdenum mine enterprises establish special experimental research and The technical transformation team will speed up the pace of technological innovation. Firstly, from the improvement of the concentrate grade and recovery rate of the rough selection section, the structure of the selected section grinding process, the classification, the efficiency of the beneficiation equipment and the comprehensive medication system will be studied.
(2) Rational development of resources and the path of sustainable development
China's total molybdenum resources are abundant, but the per capita possession is less than half of the world's per capita possession, and the grade is low. There are many single molybdenum deposits, and by-product molybdenum production only accounts for about 3% of total molybdenum production. Therefore, the molybdenum primary products produced in China have objective weaknesses in international competition. In order to make rational use of resources and take the road of sustainable development, it is recommended to: firstly strengthen the overall planning of the mining and selection of molybdenum resources, moderately control the total amount of development; secondly eliminate the indiscriminate mining, close the low beneficiation index, and have large environmental protection and safety issues. The selection of the plant; the third is to curb the construction of the extensive small-scale mining and mining.
3 future development trends
(1) Automation and intelligence
With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, mineral processing equipment is constantly innovating and developing. Since the late 1980s, in order to improve the economic indicators of molybdenum beneficiation, developed countries such as Canada and the United States have invested in the progress of beneficiation process and mineral processing equipment. Now the ore dressing equipment has been enlarged and automated, and later Will be further intelligent.
Now, some large-scale gold ore, copper ore and iron ore concentrator, has been achieved on the basis of intelligent automation, such as grinding circuit control expert system, it is a knowledge-based intelligent reasoning systems, with a particular The knowledge and experience of experts in the field, and the ability to use knowledge as an expert to make intelligent decisions through reasoning.
With the development of automation control technology, computer technology and instrument technology, the automatic control of the beneficiation process will be developed from the simple DDC control in the past to the comprehensive automation intelligent control of the entire concentrator.
(2) Joint metallurgy process
The history of molybdenum deposit mining is close to 100 years. The grades of molybdenum ore and copper molybdenum ore are gradually decreasing. The composition of ore is becoming more and more complex. It is more and more likely to study the combined process of metallurgy, especially hydrometallurgy. Recycling leaching agents for membrane technology and resin technology, and recycling of leaching agents are also mentioned.
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