Epoxy resin substrate dominates green paint

Green paint refers to environmentally friendly coatings that minimize energy consumption and pollution. These include waterborne paints, powder coatings, high-solids coatings, and radiation-cured coatings. Before the 1970s, most coatings were solvent-based. However, as solvent costs rose and environmental regulations became stricter, the industry began shifting toward low-VOC and VOC-free alternatives. According to experts from the China Epoxy Resin Industry Association, green paints are increasingly being adopted, but when considering base material performance and current applications, epoxy resin-based coatings are expected to become the leading type of green paint. Currently, one of the more advanced types of green paint is high-solids solvent-based coatings. These were developed to meet stricter environmental standards while still using existing production methods. They reduce organic solvents and increase solid content, making them more efficient. In the early 1980s, the U.S. started developing these coatings, with low-solids coatings typically having a solids content of 30% to 50%, while high-solids solvent coatings (HSSC) now reach 65% to 85%. Some companies have even created 100% solid epoxy-based solvent coatings. Another key category is water-based paint. By replacing organic solvents with water, these paints lower costs, reduce fire risks, and significantly cut VOC emissions. Since their introduction, water-based paints have seen rapid growth, now accounting for nearly half of all coatings used. There are three main types: water-soluble, water-dispersible, and latex-based. Most of these are based on epoxy resins, which offer excellent performance and minimal environmental impact. Powder coatings are also an important and advanced development in the industry. They are considered a near-zero-VOC option, though they face some challenges. Their application requires more complex manufacturing processes, higher baking temperatures, and can be difficult to apply evenly on irregular surfaces. Despite this, they are widely used, with about 85% of powder coatings based on epoxy or epoxy/polyester resins. Solvent-free coatings, such as two-component and energy-curable systems, are also gaining traction. The latest trend is the development of single-component solvent-free coatings that can be applied using traditional spray methods. As research continues, the goal is to create coatings with continuously decreasing VOC levels, ideally reaching zero. These coatings should also offer broad applicability, superior performance, and reasonable equipment investment. In summary, waterborne, powder, and solvent-free coatings are likely to shape the future of the industry. Given that their base materials are often epoxy resins, experts predict that epoxy-based coatings will play a dominant role in the development of green paints.

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